| 1 | Be able to recognise members of the following homologous series: phenols, acyl chlorides and esters. | |
| 2 | The use of systematic nomenclature to name carboxylic acids and esters. | |
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3
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The acidic nature of carboxylic acids. |
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4
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The reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids to form esters. |
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| 5 | The characteristic properties of phenols, including acidic nature, test with iron(III) chloride solution, reaction with acyl chlorides to form esters. | |
| 6 | The increasing relative strengths as acids of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids. | |
| 7 | The technique of heating under reflux for reactions involving volatile liquids (Activities WM2 and WM5.1). | |
| 8 | The technique of thin-layer chromatography (t.l.c.) and the interpretation of the results (Activity WM2). | |
| 9 | How the following forms of spectroscopy can be used for the elucidation of molecular structure: mass spectroscopy (m.s.) and infrared spectroscopy (i.r.) | |
| 10 | The interpretation of mass spectra (molecular ion and significance of the fragmentation) for salicylic acid and simple compounds containing a limited range of functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid and ester groups). | |
| 11 | The interpretation of infrared spectra for salicylic acid and simple compounds containing a limited range of functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acid and ester groups). | |
| 12 | How more effective medicines can be obtained by modifying the structure of existing medicines (Storyline WM5). | |
| 13 | The procedures used in developing and establishing the safety of a medicine (Storyline WM8 and Activity WM8). |